Exploring the Production Potential and Adaptability of Black Rice Across Bhutanese Agroecological Zone
Deki Lhamo, Cheku Dorji, Dolay, Sonam Deki and Chezang Dendup
https://doi.org/10.55925/btagr.26.9107
ABSTRACT
Black rice is a nutrient-rich, pigmented rice variety with high health-promoting properties, yet its cultivation and adaptability in Bhutan remain largely unexplored. This study evaluated the production potential and adaptability of black rice across four agroecological zones in Bhutan over four years (2021–2024), using research stations and on-farm trials. Experiments included Single plots evaluation for first three years in the research Centre and Randomized Complete Block Designs in the final year. at research centers and single-plot in the final year, with growth and yield parameters recorded, including tillers per hill, plant height, panicle length, days to maturity, and grain yield. Results indicated significant variation (P ≤ 0.05) in growth and yield across locations, with the highest grain yields observed in dry sub-tropical (Bajo, 2033.31 ± 199.41 kg/acre) and humid sub-tropical (Lingmethang, 1819 ± 282.01 kg/acre) zones, while wet sub-tropical (Samtenling) and highland dry sub-tropical (Tsirang) zones showed lower yields. Black rice exhibited longer maturity periods, fewer tillers, and taller plants compared to improved and local varieties. On-farm trials confirmed that favorable valley conditions in low- to mid-altitude regions support optimal growth and yield. The study demonstrates that black rice can adapt beyond its native southern belt, offering a viable, nutrient-dense alternative for Bhutanese farmers. Strategic promotion and market development are recommended to maximize its economic and nutritional potential.
Keywords: Black Rice; Agroecological Zones; Yield Performance; Adaptability